Mixing apparatus



Feb. 5, 1935. GARTHE 1,989,668

MIXING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 7, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 5, 1935. F. GARTHE 1,989,668

MIXING APPARATUS Filed Aug. '7, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. -5, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1,989,668 MIXING APPARATUS Fritz Garthe, Franktort-on-the-Main-Griesheim,

Germany The present invention relates to a mixing apparatus and has for'its object to provide an apparatus of the class referred to for intimately mixing various substances.

The invention contemplates the employment of a vessel or container in which by means of a specially constructed blade wheel the mixture is slung over a fixed guide blade disc into a special pressure chamber. vided below the bottom of and opens into the vessel through the medium of adjustable ringformed slots. When the mixture flows through the blade wheel and the guide blade disc an intimate mixing and whirling is caused. The technical effect of the mixing action is specially increased by the apparatus, as the mixture flows with great speed through the ring slot of the pressure chamber radially onto the bottom of the vessel. This causes a further intimate and intensive mixing with the other content of the vessel, thus avoiding the settling of sinking stuffs on the bottom of the vessel. Further a great and intimate vertical whirling of the entire vessel content is caused by means of the jet action of the radially outflowing liquid in connection with the suction eifect of the rotary wheel and the form of the vessel, as indicated by arrows in the drawings. By the radial outflowing and the vertical whirling a rotation of the vessel content is impossible as with other stirring constructions and the greatest possible mixing eifectis attained. The arrangement of the ring slots is of an important influence upon the mixing effect. By adjusting the ring slots the dimensions of the particles of emulsions as well as the stirring action of the mixer is regulated as far as possible. When the ring slot is shut by means of a special arrangement, the mixing device can work as a pump and may be used to transport the mixture for instance into higher situated vessels. The apparatus is not only adapted for an intimate and quick mixing respectively an emulgating of liquids and pasty stufis as for instance soaps, greases and so on, but is also extraordinarily fit for the solution of materials which are soluble with great difficulty as copal and others. When a special construction is added to the guide blade disc it is possible to absorb and intimately mix any gas with the liquid or the paste even when the mixer is filled high up and without the special addition of a mixing compressor.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a mixing apparatus in accordance with this invention, and

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of a modified form.

Referring to Fig. 1 it shows a mixing apparatus which may be used with preference for the mixing and emulgating of liquids.

The apparatus includes a stationary vessel or The pressure chamber is procontainer b for the materials to be mixed. The vessel b is provided with spaced radially disposed peripheral extensions 1 for mounting on a support to maintain the vessel b in an upright position. The bottom a of the vessel has an axial opening '2 of the desired diameter. The bottom of the vessel is formed with a depending collar 3 which registers with the wall of opening 2 and has its lower end provided with a laterally dis-' posed flat anular flange 4. v

A cup-shaped member e is arr'anged below collar 3 and is provided at its top with an outwardly directed flat annular flange 5 and with an inset h vertically disposed flange 6. The flange 5 abuts flange 4 and is secured thereto. The flange 6 is of less height than and is arranged inwardly of in opposed concentric relation to collar 3. Interposed between flange 6 and collar 3, flush with the top of the wall of opening 2 and seated on the top edge of the body of member e is an annular packing element 7 having an inset part for seating upon the top edge of flange 6. The member e in connection with element '7 and collar 3 provides an open top pressure chamber 8 adapted to communicate with the lower portion of vessel b. The member e has its bottom 9 formed with an axial opening 10.

Extending downwardly of vessel b and into chamber 8 is a driven shaft q for a bladed wheel 0 which is positioned within chamber 8 in spaced relation to the wall 11 of the latter.

Arranged over wheel 0 and also extending between the latter and the wall 11 of chamber 8 is a vertically adjustable guide structure for the fluid and'which also functions as a top wall for chamber 8 and a. means for controlling communication between chamber 8 and the lower portion of the vessel b. The said structure includes a flat ring 2' having depending therefrom a series of spaced radially disposed vertically extending blades d arranged in a circular row and interposed between wheel 0 and wall 11. The ring 2' surrounds shaft q in spaced relation and carries thereon a series of spaced radially disposed blades 1 having their inner ends 12 depending into the wheel 0. The blades 1 provide passages which at their outer ends discharge into the vessel b in close proximity to the bottom of the latter. The guide structure threadedly engages as at k with wall 11. The arrangement is such that the guide structure when revolved in one direction will move upwardly and in the other direction move downwardly with respect to wheel 0. The purpose for the adjustment of the guide structure will be presently referred to. The ring i permanently extends over and coacts with that part of the bottom a of vessel b which borders opening 2 to provide an intake s for vessel b for material which is forced through chamber 8 by wheel 0. The area of intake s is controlled by the vertical adjustment of the guide structure. When the latter is adjusted to have ring 2' seat on bottom a intake s is closed.

. Secured to the outer ends of blades 1 at the top edges thereof, as at 12 is a vertically disposed funnel g which bodily moves with the guide structure.

The wheel e is so formed as to be provided with radial passages 13 for the materials being mixed. The passages have their intakes at the top of the wheel inwardly of the outer edge of the latter and their outlets at said outer edge. The blades d which oppose said outer edge are of greater height than the outlet ends of the passages.

The guide structure is revolved for adjustment by a notched member m overlapping blades d and which is carried by a disc Z formed with a depending cylindrical extension 10 providing a'bearing for shaft q. The disc I is arranged in chamber 8 and its extension p passes downwardly through opening 10. A shifting lever '11 is attached to the lower end of extension p for the purpose of revolving disc 1 carrying the member m and guide structure therewith. A notched hanger w depends from member e for supporting lever v. A packing nut n is provided for the extension 15 and which is lowered from the position shown when the guide structure is adjusted.

The directions in which the materials travel during the mixing operation are indicated by the arrows A, B.

Referring to Fig. 2 it shows a mixer in a construction adapted for a uniform and fine saturation of the mixture with gas. For this purpose a gas suction pipe 8 extends downwardly into the mixing vessei b below the level of the liquid mixture, The pipe s opens into the ccnoidal shaped upper end 14 of a vertically disposed casing 15 which provides a gas chamber t. The casing 15 is disposed axially of the lower portion of-vessel and is secured at its lower end upon the upper face of a flat ring 16 functioning for the same purpose as the ring 2' referred to. The ring 16 has depending therefrom a eircular row of spaced blades 0 forming in connection with ring 16 a guide structure for the mixture.

The bottom 17 of vessel b has an axial opening 18 and a depending outwardly flanged collar 19 registering with the wall of opening 18. Positioned against the inner face of collar 19, as well as being secured to the flange of the latter is a flanged cup-shaped member 20 providing an open top pressure chamber h in which is arranged a revoluble bladed wheel 0'. The blades 0 are interposed between the outer edge of wheel 0' and the wall 21 of the chamber h. The ring 16 coactswiih the top edge of member 20 to provide an inlet f for the vessel b from chamber h,

and also constitutes the top of chamber h.

Suspended over and extending into wheel 0 is a casing a: which provides a gas space 21' opening into the wheel 0' and communicating with the space if. The casing a: is arranged axially of the casing 15 and extends through and depends from ring 16. Opening into the upper end of casing a: is a vertically disposed pipe 22 having an upper open end arranged in'proximity to but spaced from the lower end of pipe 8'. The upper end of pipe 22 opens into the upper portion of space i. The casing 15 is formed with spaced outlets u for the space if, and such outlets may be controlled and shut by means of a float operated closing structure '0 arranged in space t. Therefore only determined quantities of liquid can pass according to the suction effect of wheel 0. The blades 0 cause a partial vacuum in pipes s and 22 by means of the partial admission of the liquid to the passages between blades-o by wheel 0'. A fine distribution of the gas in the liquid is had through wheel 0' forcing it through the passages between the blades 0 into the pressure chamber h and the gas passes from the mixture through the intake i with great speed into the vessel at the bottom of the latter.-

Extending upwardly through member 20 is a drive shaft 23 for wheel 0'. a support 24 extends from shaft 23 for casing .12.

Having now particularly described and ascermined the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-

.1. In a mixing apparatus, a vessel having an axial opening in its bottom, means connected to the vessel and having its inner face registering with the edges of said opening'to provide a pressure chamber. depending from said bottom, a revoluble bladed wheel operating in said chamber communicating with the interior of the vessel for receiving material from the latter and for discharging the material received thereby centrifugally from its outer edge into said chamber, the outeredge of said wheel being spaced from the wail of said chamber and a guide structure arranged over and extended beyond the edge of the wheel to a point over the bottom of the vessel in proximity to the edge of said opening, the extended portion of said structure being free of connection at any point thereofto the bottom of said means, said structure including depending spaced opposed vertical guide blades interposed between the outer edge of the wheei and the side wall of said chamber, the side edges of said blades being disposed in close proximity to the outer edge of the wheel and the wall of said chamber and said structure and vessel having coacting means for establishing communication between the top of said chamber and the iower portion of said vessel adjacent said blades.

2. In a mixing apparatus, a vessel having an axial opening in bottom, means connected to the vessel and aligning with said opening to provide a pressure chamber depending from said bottom, a revoluble biaded wheel operating in saidchamber communicating with the interior of the vessel for receiving material from the latter and for discharging the material received thereby centrifugally from its outer edge into said chamber, a guide structure arranged over the wheel and including spaced guide blades interposed between the outer edge of the wheel and the side wall FRITZ GARTHE. 

